Author(s) :

Angela Liu.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Personalized medicine is an approach to healthcare that tailors treatment strategies to a patient’s genetic makeup. It can be applied to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Its integration into cardiovascular disease management is particularly important, as CVD remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Through pharmacogenomics, healthcare providers can identify early indicators of CVDs, diagnose specific CVDs, and individualize therapies for patients. However, privacy risks complicate the implementation of personalized medicine, as the collection and storage of genetic information can potentially expose patients to misuse, security risks, and genetic discrimination. Ethical concerns about healthcare equity also arise, due to high costs and lack of genetic research on diverse populations. Legal protections such as the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act highlight progress in navigating issues related to personalized medicine, but future measures are necessary to support pharmacogenomics’ wider implementation. This review analyzes the applications of personalized medicine in cardiovascular care and addresses the privacy and ethical challenges that accompany pharmacogenomic advances.