Author(s) :

Chenran Ma.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. Recent studies have highlighted vitamin D as a potential modulator of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Vitamin D appears to improve insulin action by enhancing pancreatic β-cell function and reducing systemic inflammation factors crucial for effective glycemic control. Epidemiological evidence indicates that individuals with low vitamin D levels are at higher risk for developing T2D, whereas supplementation offers benefits, particularly among those who are deficient or in the early stages of the disease. However, findings across clinical trials remain inconsistent, emphasizing the need for further research to clarify optimal dosing, duration, and target populations. This review examines current evidence on the role of vitamin D in the management of T2D and explores its potential implications for prevention and therapy.