Author(s) :

Naomi Felleke.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Genetic polymorphism refers to the simultaneous occurrence of two or more genotypes in a population. Key genes related to hypertension involved in this phenomenon—such as the angiotensin converting enzyme insertion (I)/deletion (D) variant ( ACE I/D), β1-adrenergic receptor (ADRB1, Arg389Gly), cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5 *1/*3 alleles), and α-adducin (ADD1, Gly460Trp)— influence responses to antihypertensive medications, including angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), β-adrenergic blockers ( β-blockers), calcium channel blockers (CCBs), and diuretics. Incorporating genotype-guided prescription planning using weighted multi-gene panels, healthcare providers can tailor antihypertensive therapy to each patient’s genetic profile, eliminating the trial-and-error approach to prescribing antihypertensive medication. This precision medicine strategy can potentially enhance blood pressure control, reduce the risk of adverse side effects, and enhance overall treatment outcomes in hypertensive patients. Further research and clinical studies of these multi-gene algorithms could revolutionize hypertension management by offering personalized treatment.